Leather Wet End Processing Chemicals

MULTI PURPOSE FAT LIQUOR
AMARLIX AU PASTE is used in the preliminary fat-liquoring of chrome tanned leather usually in combination with AMARLIX GSNN PASTE. It acts as a dispersing agent for natural fats and chrome tan Uniform distribution of chrome in upper and central layer of leather means level shades in dyeing. AMARLIX AU PASTE promotes excellent and even fat liquoring through the cross section hereby giving leather a relatively dry handle and leaves suede leathers good buffing properties and regular nap. Its use in preliminary fat liquors prevents thin and large -sized leather from entanglement and increase the tensile strength and stitch resistance of leather.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Weakly cation active emulsion of natural oil.

Characteristics Appearance : Cream coloured, pourable paste. pH For 10% SOLUTION : Approx. 5

Storage
Good at 40C a more consistent Surface layer may be formed which can again be dispersed homogenously by stirring

Emulsification
Emulsion can be formed by adding five times the amount of water at 50C & be further dilutedas per requirements

Compatibility

• Very Good with Non-ionic and Cation active.
• Compatible with weakly anion active substance.

LIGHT FASTNESS : Good

STABILITY

Acid	:	Good
Alkalies	:	Not Stable
Salts	:	Fairly Good

Application

• For Suede Leather (as main fat-liquor)
  It gives good softness and good level shades when used after drum-dyeing the leather.
• For Pre-fatliquoring
  It used before neutralising , AMARLIX AU PASTE gives deeper penetration. Normally 2-4 % AMARLIX AU PASTE is used for treatment.
• As surface fat liquor (Final fatliquorig) for grain leather. Addition of AMARLIX AU PASTE to the nearly exhausted fat-liquoring bath, gives following advantages.
  - Better exhaustion of liquor.
  - Better Fixation of the anionic fat liquor in the leather.
  - It reduces the absorbancy of the grain .
• In chrome tanning : Use of AMARUX AU PASTE avoids chafe Marks and minimises inter twining of sheep and goat skins.

Concentration
Appro . 0.2% on weight of pelt . 5) For special effects in fashion articles : AMARLIX AU PASTE (1-2% if used in exhausted anionic fat liquor bath gives greasy handle leather.

CATAIONIC
AMARLIX GSNN PASTE is a weakly cation -active fat-liquor which is versatile in application because of its high electolyte stability. For its good lubricating properties it is widely used in chrome tanning to give rapid uniform through tanning. It is used as the main fatliquor for chrome tanned suede leather and as a top fatiiquor for grain leathers.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Weakly cation-active fatty acid condensation product.

Characteristics APPEARENCE : White thick paste pH OF 10% EMULSION : 4.5 (approximately) STABILITY Acids : Good Alkalies : Poor Salt : Very Good COMPATIBILITY With cation active agent : Good With Non-Ionic agent : Good With Anionic active agent : Limited Light Fastness : Very Good Storage Stability : Very Good

Application
Due to excellent emulsifying properties and stability towards electrolytes AMARLIX GSNN PASTE is widely used in leather industry.

• In Chrome Tannages : AMARLIX GSNN PASTE promotes the distribution of the chrome and accelerates through tanning thus incresing the softness and fullness of the leather. It also act as a lubricant and prevent thin leathers from becoming entangled when tanning is done in short liquor bath . 1-2 % AMARLIX GSNN PASTE is suitable for Grain leather as well as for Suede leather.
• In The Main or Preliminary Fatliquoring of Suede Leather : An excellent uniform through fatliquoring effect is achived with AMARLIX GSNN PASTE. It gives the leather a soft , full handle and trouble free buffing properties . It can be combined with neatsfoot oil, sperm oil in the proportion of
  1:1 to induce a more propounced surface, softening effect.
  2 - 4 % AMARLIX GSNN PASTE
  0 - 3 % NEUTRAL OIL .
• As a Top Fatliquor for Grain Leathers
  AMARLIX GSNN PASTE is best added as a suppliment to anionic fat -liquoring baths to give complete bath exhaustion and fixation of the anionic fatliquor . The Leathers are given pleasant handle .

ANIONIC FATLIQUOR
AMARLIX WCL PASTE due to it very good dispersing properties is used in dyeing or whitening of leather with Titanium Dioxide pigment . It may be included in the Fat liquoring of almost all types of leather as well as being used as dispersing agent and dyeing oil . AMARLIX WCL PASTE due to it high light fastness is suitable for fat liquoring while and pasted coloured leathers.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Derivative of fatty acid, weakly an ion active.

Characteristics Appearance : Whife Paste pH Of 10% Solution : 5.5 to 6.5 Light Fastness : Very Good STORAGE : Good stability Emulsification : The product is emulsified with 5-10 times the DILUBILITY amount of water at 60-70C, this emulsion is then diluted with water. Stability Alkalies : Good Acids : Good Salts : Good Compatibility Anion active substances : Good Non-Ionic active substances : Good

Applications
AMARLIX WCL PASTE has very good properties and is used in variety of leather processing.

• Preliminary Fat Liquoring of Leather : e.g. Clothing upholstery and Gloving leather (intermediately dried)
  AMARLIX WCL PASTE
  2-3% {on shaved weight} : Sheepskin clothing leather
• 3-4% {on shaved weight) : Full chrome suede or chrome tanned gloving leather
• As Dyeing Oil
  For white grain leather : 2-3% titanium dioxide dispersed with 2-3 % AMARLIX WCL PASTE [% on shaved weight ) addition is done to fat-liquoring bath after about 30 minutes For Pasted - shade suede : 2-2.5% AMARLIX WCL PASTE (on dry weight ) along with 2-2.5% Titanium Dioxide. Addition is done 15-20 minutes before dye addition.
• Fat-Liquoring after Dyeing : AMARLIX WCL PASTE is for final fatliquoring of gloving and clothing leathers, chrome suede, chrome upper and for light fast whitebuk and reptiles . 2-4% AMARLIX WCL PASTE ( on dry weight ) is sufficient to give good results.

Amarfat SP is a versatile lubricant for fatiiquoring operations having application properties similar to that of natural sperm oil.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Anionic fatliquor based on sulphited high molecular weight fatty ester.

Characteristics Appearance : Brown free-Flowing liquid Active Ingredient : 60 + 1 % pH (10% solution) : 8.0 - 9.0

Properties
Amarfat SP has function characteristics similar to natural sperm oil fatliquors. Inspite of its wax type structure, it is capable of withstanding temperatures as low as -150C thus exhibiting favourable viscostatic properties over a wide range of ambient temperatures. It gives fine emulsions in hot and cold water with good stability to acids, salt and hard water. Amarfat SP is capable of emulsifying 25-50% of its own weight of raw oils to form stable emulsions. AmarFat SP gives the same softness, Fullness and waxy feel typical of natural sperm oil. Due to its excellent lubrication Amarfat SP can be used as a single fatliquor even up to 20% on the shaved weight without imparting greasiness on the surface of the leather.

Suggested Areas of Application :
Amarfat SP can be used as a single fatliquor even up to the extent of 20% on the shaved weight without imparting greasiness on the surface of the leather When a combination of Vernol Liquor SP and other fatliquors or unsulphonated oils are to be used, it is preferable to mix them throughly before dilution.

(Percentage are based on shaved weight)

• Gloving leather from goat skins
  - 16% Amarfat SP
• 2 Gloving leather from sheep skins
  - 8% Amarfat SP
• Suede leather
  - 8% Amarfat SP
• Softy upper from cow hides
  - 3% Amarfat SP
• Retanned upper leather from cow hides
  - 3% AmarFat SP
• Retanned Goat Upper
  - 2% Amarfat SP
• Glazed kid upper
  - 2% Amarfat SP
• Aniline buff calf
  - 3% Amarfat SP
• Cow nppa
  -6% Amarfat SP